Arabica vs. Robusta: The main differences between the two most popular coffee varieties

When it comes to choosing the perfect coffee, two names immediately stand out: Arabica and Robusta.

Each variety has its specific characteristics that affect taste and aroma. But what exactly distinguishes one from the other?

Origin and cultivation

Arabica coffee originates from the mountainous regions of Ethiopia and Arabia and accounts for about 70% of global production. It is typically grown at high altitudes, between 900 and 2000 meters, in the so-called "coffee belt" — the area between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn.

Robusta coffee makes up the remaining 30% and originates from West Africa. It is grown at lower altitudes (600 to 1000 m) and higher temperatures, as it is more resistant to pests and diseases.

Taste and aroma

Arabica coffee, with 44 chromosomes, is generally considered to be of higher quality due to its more complex aromatic profile.

Its flavour notes vary from sweet to fruity, making it more pleasant for most palates.

Robusta coffee, on the other hand, has only 22 chromosomes and is characterized by a more intense flavour, with bitter and earthy notes.

Caffeine and sugars

The difference in taste also stems from varying concentrations of caffeine and sugars.

Robusta beans contain about 2.7% caffeine, almost twice as much as Arabica, which has about 1.5%. In addition, Arabica contains more sugars, which contributes to its sweeter aroma compared to Robusta's fuller and more bitter taste.

Bean appearance

By careful observation, it is possible to identify the type of coffee without tasting it, just by looking at the bean.

Arabica beans are larger and oval-shaped, with a curved central groove. In contrast, Robusta beans are smaller, rounder, and have a straight groove.

Price

Robusta coffee costs approximately half as much as Arabica. This price difference is a result of Arabica's more demanding cultivation process, which requires more careful conditions at higher altitudes and lower temperatures.

Robusta, as its name suggests, is a more robust plant — more resistant to pests and able to thrive in harsher conditions.

Arabica or Robusta – which is better?

There is no single answer to this question.

Although Arabica is more popular and appreciated among coffee lovers, it's all a matter of taste. Some prefer the stronger, more bitter taste of Robusta, while others enjoy the sweetness and fruity notes of Arabica more.

We will conclude with the old Latin saying: De gustibus non disputandum est – "There's no accounting for taste."

Try 100% Arabica blends

In our store, in the coffee section, you can find 100% Arabica blends and single origin from selected roasteries.

If you haven't tried them yet, we invite you to test them and share your favourite with us!